Understand the electric drive system of pure electric vehicles!

With the popularization of environmental awareness and concerns about reliance on fossil fuels, pure electric vehicles have become the future development direction. Among them, the electric drive system is an indispensable part of pure electric vehicles.

The drive motor is the core of the electrical drive system, and its performance and efficiency directly affect the performance of electric vehicles. As one of the most important parts of pure electric vehicles, the working principle of electric motors is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy, driving the vehicle to run. The size and weight of the drive motor and gearbox also affect the overall efficiency of the car. The power converter and controller are closely related to the safe and reliable operation of electric vehicles.

According to the composition and layout of electric drive systems, pure electric vehicles are divided into four types: transmission less, mechanical transmission, differential less, and electric wheel type.

No transmission type

The biggest feature of the drive system is the cancellation of the clutch and gearbox, and the use of a fixed ratio reducer, which achieves variable speed function through the control of the electric motor. The advantage of this structure is that the transmission device of the mechanism is light in weight and small in size, but it requires a high starting torque and a large reserve power to ensure the power performance of pure electric vehicles such as starting, climbing, and accelerating.

Mechanical transmission type

Developed from fuel powered vehicles with front engine and rear wheel drive, it retains the transmission system of internal combustion engine vehicles, only replacing the internal combustion engine with an electric motor. This structure can improve the starting torque and backup power of pure electric vehicles at low speeds, and has low requirements for the driving motor. A motor with smaller power can be selected.

Electric wheel type

Installing the electric motor directly inside the driving wheel (also known as the hub motor) can further shorten the power transmission path between the electric motor and the driving wheel, but it is necessary to add a planetary gear reducer with a large reduction ratio to reduce the motor speed to the ideal wheel speed. This structure requires high control accuracy and reliability of the control system.

Non differential type

The structure adopts two electric motors, which drive two wheels separately through a fixed speed ratio reducer. The speed of each motor can be independently adjusted. When the car turns, the electronic control system achieves electronic differential, so the electric motor control system is relatively complex.

Of course, the electric drive system needs to have a protective shell during operation to ensure the safety of core components such as the motor and battery. The shell needs to be waterproof, dustproof, shockproof, and able to work in various harsh environments.

In addition, the shell also needs to have thermal stability to ensure the stability and safety of the battery in high-temperature environments.

High pressure die casting

 
As an enterprise that integrates design, casting, and machining, Zhengheng Power closely follows the path of sustainable development of new energy and can produce various new energy vehicle components, such as battery shells, motor shells, electronic control box shells, gearbox shells, and other components.

Zhengheng Power has the core technology and integrated solution capability for experimental verification of the electric drive housing of new energy vehicles. Welcome customers to visit and inspect the factory!